Carburetor or injector?
Application of various constructive decisions frequent not always clearly for the majority of rayder. However everyone has the merits and demerits.
The carburetor and injector (fuel injection) carry out the same function, namely form vozdushno – the fuel mix for her giving in engine cylinders. In what difference and who has advantages?
It would seem for the majority this question it is obvious and they will give the palm to the injector as the last completely forced out the carburetor from automobile motors. For the majority, the injector which is now realized in the form of the device of injection of fuel with electronic control, the thing though mysterious, but is represented much more simply than the carburetor. For whom operation of the engine is reduced to turn of the key and the gas handle, will undoubtedly prefer the injector.
However everything is not so simple. The injector appeared as a result of development of electronics and requirements on reduction of emissions from combustion in the atmosphere. The carburetor representing difficult system working at the expense of the difference in pressure, obrazuyemy in the inlet collector, his main channels and the atmosphere, at the correct control forms optimum structure of the fuel mix. For those who is not so familiar with this question, we will report that the fuel mix happens poor, rich and nominal if to estimate it by amount of fuel of air falling on volume arriving in the cylinder. And the carburetor forms such structure of the mix which is necessary to the engine for the concrete moment of work. At start, the system of enrichment submits very rich mix necessary for warming up of the engine to the engine. At acceleration, the accelerating pump sharply injected the additional portion of fuel enriching the mix and allowing to raise the torque on low turns. At work without reduction or increase in turns, in cylinders the balanced mix which has been a little grown poor arrives. Setup of the carburetor is carried out by the selection of fuel and air jets. As a rule in most cases it becomes once. As a result of use of the carburetor the engine receives very good dynamic characteristics, allowing to be accelerated and realize sharply potential of volume not only on high turns, but on averages and even on the low. However, purity of emission left much to be desired.
Appeared electronics allowed to create the injector which could realize the concept of the grown poor fuel mix, allowing to reach reduction of harmful emissions. However the grown poor mix not only reduced dynamic characteristics in transitional modes, but also increased burning temperature that resulted in need of additional cooling. With air cooling the temperature of combustion of the fuel mix is very essential to engines. Some heard, and probably and faced that replacement of the regular exhaust system by the exhaust with low resistance, led to the engine overheat. The reason of it in emergence of the grown poor fuel mix.
Now the couple of words about reliability. The in itself carburetor is rather simple and practically does not demand adjustments in use. If there is the fuel filter and you use qualitative gasoline, the carburetor works smoothly. The system of the injector comprises much more components, such as the pump creating pressure, sensors on the entrance and the final path, the electronic block, operating work of the nozzle. Anyway, but over time, any knots can fail. Even if the got littered carburetor allows to reach to garage, refusal of one of knots of the injector leaves us on the roadside.
Use of the carburetor or injector will give almost identical maximum moshchnostny characteristics of engines. But those who got used to feel capacity and the torque as reaction to turn of the handle of gas, instead of in the form of figures on paper, will see at once the difference. The engine with the carburetor sharper and sympathetic on opening of the air zaslonka. The injector smoothes characteristics and does it to smoother. The electronic control unit remembering need to create grown poor mix simply steals capacity in transitional modes. Exactly thanks to injector application, and his function of smoothings, began possible to increase to volume of engines of stokovy motorcycles (Japanese to 2 liters), without effort change on the coupling handle.
Some councils.
Those who wants to receive the sharp and priyemisty engine can use the carburetor. Those to whom has the luck to receive the engine with the injector, can improve his characteristics having changed the engine management program. As it is necessary to remember that at replacement of the stokovy exhaust system on афтемаркет, you should think of change of settings of the carburetor or the injector.
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Good article, thanks.
For some reason the author does not write that on the injector motor any algorithm of management toplivopodachy, and not just "zarezanno-ecological", and also flexible adaptation to quality of fuel, climate and other conditions can be easily realized. Unlike carburetor where any adaptation and the unique algorithm is sewn rigidly up in the carburetor design, and this design strongly narrows the class of algorithms.
Yes the carburetor is the last century, now injection system new drives. The main thing gasoline qualitative to fill in. I am admissible 98 only I fill in.